Captain John Yossarian in Catch-22 by Joseph Heller - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 769 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/08/16 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Catch 22 Essay Did you like this example? The book Catch-22 by Joseph Heller, It starts off introducing us to Captain John Yossarian, which he is in the hospital with a liver problem. When he is in the hospital, some of his friends came by to check up on him named Hungry Joe, Doctor Havemeyer, and Clevinger. They all try to avoid dying at all cost as long as they can. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Captain John Yossarian in Catch-22 by Joseph Heller" essay for you Create order We also met Milo Minderbinder who has a lot of money by him having a really good business that is worldwide. He is really not close with Yossarian. But the book is mostly about the lives of a US Air force group. The setting is on an italian island on a base which is close to Rome. Major Major Major is the new leader of the squadron when Major Duluth is killed. Major Major Major gets bored really easily so, starts to sign papers that came to his desk about. One of them was about Washington Irving. A C.I.D man comes to find out who Washington Irving is. He got no answers but Major Major Major didnt like all the people coming to him so he made himself scarce so no one can reach him. The Colonel Cathcart has told the man in the group, to bomb the storage area in Bologna. The men are losing their minds it because they know the flight area of Bologna was really bad and they could get killed. Yossarian was also one of those people so he made food by adding ingredients that would make all the men sick so the mission cannot happen. Also Yossarian tries to find another way not to do the mission which was to declare himself crazy so he can go underground. But all the times he has tried to stop it still has failed. That is when we found out the meaning of Catch-22 which the doctor told us. The meaning was if a man can tell the doctors that he has became crazy, then he is called sane and can mostly like be able to fly. The whole groupe go to Rome and Nately finds his girlfriend which she has a side business of being a prostitue. Corporal Whitcomb who is the chaplains aid, has told the C.I.D people that the Chaplain is the man signing Washington Irving to all of the papers that are out. Yossarian was on a mission and his mind was not in the right area and because of that the plane goes down, the 2 men are wounded and died shortly after right there. In his second mission he hurt his leg really badly and doesnt want to fly anymore. While this is going on Milo formed a group and gave things to his friends and to the Germans so it was double sided so he can get money. Yossarian tells a little fib about having dreams about a fish. The psychiatrist mixes up a patient of his with him and sends the other patient home. We also find out that Orr is dead by him having a crash landing but it also tells us that he was Yossarian roommate. McWatt is conditioning with a bunch of soldiers and flies too close to Sam pson who is on a little boat and the other man are stumble from the loss of them. Yossarians talks to Natelys girlfriend and he says that he is dead. She starts to come after him so she can kill him and she even when to a extent and went to his base and tried to kill him. So Yossarian goes off the grid with the help of Milo, and he tries and find Natelys girlfriends and her sister because they got kicked out of there home by the government because of the things that they have done. But Yossarian gets arrested for going going off the grid by the government. He is send back to the Colonel Cathcarts post and he can go anywhere he want in the US as long as that him and the colonel are good. He says yes but when he walks out the post Natelys girlfriend was waiting outside stabs him. While he is getting escorted he thinks about the conversation he had with the colonel that he decided that he would rather run away and thats exactly what he did. That is when he finds out that Orr is still alive in Sweden trying to lay low . So Yossarians decides to runs aways and finds N atelys girlfriends sister so he can escort her to Sweden with him. Also is that he cannot get court-martialed.

The Old Man and the Sea Man Defeated - 2112 Words

Reading through the novel The Old Man and the Sea one, as a reader, can perceive several themes in the book. Hemingway suggests certain subjects for discussion which built up the whole plot, therefore giving us options to choose the one we believe is the main one. In the past weeks we have been discussing, in a debate, which is that main theme. My groups theme was Man Defeated and although it is hard to affirm that this theme was the prevailing one of the book, we firmly defend it. Various arguments were established. Some argued that the novels theme was Santiagos struggle, the friendship with the fish and other characters; Santiagos perseverance and that he really ended up as a triumphant man. But to argue that those were also the†¦show more content†¦He is not triumphant , as the book shows with Santiagos words; he feels defeated. Throughout the book we get the persistent idea of Santiago being beaten, a synonym for defeated. We can divide the idea of being beaten into two: the fact that Santiago knows it and that he accepts it. Showing the knowledge of his situation, the author tells us: He knew he was beaten now finally and without remedyÂ…(page 119).Â…it is easy when you are beaten. I never knew how easy it was. And what beat you, he thought(page120). With these quotes we can see that Santiago knows that he was finally beaten. He knew that the sharks won even though he fought to avoid their triumph. He also tasted how was it like to be defeated, he was living through a not very pleasant experience and he knew it. The other part, is the one when he accepts his defeat. Santiago mentions: Now that they have beaten meÂ…(page 112)and They beat me Â…truly beat me (page 124). All these quotes shows us a reaffirmation of his defeat, of how he feels. He admits his position and it is constantly repeated. He doesnt enjoy what it is called his success , mostly he is not showing any sign of joy or even excusing himself saying that he gained honour or recognition. He is sad and knows that has to keep struggling to survive because he lost his only income, all his plans were ruined and we all know how discouraging is. As far as Hemingway and Santiago are concerned, the old man is not fortunateShow MoreRelatedOld Man and the Sea A Man Can Be Destroyed but Not Defeated627 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"A man can be destroyed but not defeated† In the Old man and the sea, Santiago says, â€Å"A man can be destroyed but not defeated. (Page 93)† The true statement can be referred to throughout the novel. Santiago is in the end physically destroyed, but mentally he is not defeated. Santiago’s courage and pride pushes him forward throughout the novel, even when it looks like hope is lost, but is never defeated. Destruction means to completely ruin or spoil. Santiago experienced this destruction. It startedRead MoreThe Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway Essay983 Words   |  4 PagesThe Old Man and the Sea There is a scene in Ernest Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea, when after a shark has taken a big chunk about forty pounds off Santiago prize marlin catch, Santiago begin to doubt whether he should have gone out to sea and wishes that he had never hooked the fish and was alone in bed with his newspaper (103). Immediately after the Santiago says, â€Å"But man is not made for defeat a man can be destroyed but not defeated† (103). The life of Ernest Hemingway intertwines to theRead MoreThe Merchant Of The Old Man And The Sea1096 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is the role of the sea in The Old Man and the Sea? The rich waters of the Gulf Stream provides many animals/figures that the old man observes and greets. Through Santiago’s interactions with these figures, his character emerges. In fact, Santiago is so connected to these waters, which he thinks is cheerful as a sometimes fickle lover, that the sea acts almost like a lens through which the reader views his character. Santiago’s interaction with the weary warbler, for instance, shows not onlyRead MoreThe Old Man And The Sea1009 Words   |  5 PagesThe Old Man and the Sea is a Pulitzer prize-winning novella written by Nobel award-winning author and journalist Ernest Hemingway. Hemingway endured many tragedies, from the wounds of his time in war and even during two successive plane crashes in which Hemingway was permanently injured. Throughout it all, however, Ernest Hemingway still stood with great honor and took pride in his humility. These are the characteristics that really led Hemingway to greatness and success. His book is the story ofRead MoreComparing the Film and the Novel of Hemingways Old Man and the Sea1297 Words   |  6 PagesComparing the Film and the Novel of Hemingways Old Man and the Sea After having read the Hemingways Old Man and the Sea as a book in class, we also watched the film which was made afterwards because of the storys enormous popularity. As always, there are some ways in which the book differsRead MoreEssay on Santiago as Code Hero in The Old Man and the Sea1619 Words   |  7 Pages In Ernest Hemingway’s novel, The Old Man and the Sea, Santiago demonstrates the traits of the code hero. The Hemingway’s code hero covers the principal ideals of honor, courage, and endurance in a misfortune life. Throughout the novel, Santiago shows a contrast between opposite attitudes and values which associate his behavior with the guidelines of the code. In this case, the depiction of conflicting values, such as dignity despite humility, perseverance despite despair, and victory despite defeatRead MoreComic Books And Television Gave Birth To A Fascination950 Words   |  4 Pagespeople with extraordinary powers or financial privileges who defend civilization against crimes and villains of all kinds without hesitation. For example, Batman is a superhero who solved riddles and defeated an enemy who sought to deceive people and bring about their demise. He fought and defeated several other arch-nemeses who desired to destroy the city of Gotham and slaughter its resid ents. In The Dark Knight trilogy, Batman fought his final battle, and died a substitutionary death. He carriedRead More Old Man and the Sea Essay1214 Words   |  5 PagesErnest Hemingway wrote The Old Man and the Sea to show how you can push through the hardest of times and still not be defeated. The story shows how an old fisherman overcame an unlucky slump with the support from a young boy that loved and helped Santiago named Manolin. Santiago fought through the discrimination of the other old fisherman and refused to give up. Through Santiago’s struggles when trying to catch the great marlin, he kept pursuing his goal. Through sweat and tears Santiago never givesRead MoreAnalysis Of Ernest Hemingways The Old Man And The Sea852 Words   |  4 PagesThe will to keep on going even though there is a good chance of dying just to have a chance at getting something that might not be worth it. That is shown in the novella The Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway. When the O ld man who is known as Santiago decides to go fishing alone without the help of his friend who is a boy, and Santiago is greeted by a massive fish. That he then tries to kill since he has the massive fish hooked. The battle against Santiago ,and the fish lasted for days, whichRead MorePerseverance In Ernest Hemingways The Old Man And The Sea1379 Words   |  6 PagesThe Old Man and the Sea â€Å"But man is not made for defeat, he said. A man can be destroyed but not defeated. (Hemingway 103).† This quote, written by Ernest Hemingway in the short story The Old Man and the Sea, captures the theme perseverance in numerous ways. This quote describes when the old man Santiago was struck down physically, with the injuries of his hands and the pain of staying awake for a number of days. However, he mentally kept pushing forward, leading to his ultimate survival and his

Marianas Trench - Masterpiece Theater free essay sample

Marianas Trench, a Canadian rock group, released the album â€Å"Masterpiece Theater† over a year ago after a two-year wait, despite pressure from fans and their record company, 604 Records. The album features the bands outstanding musicianship, along with poetic and meaningful lyrics. The CD also shows how the band has matured from their debut, â€Å"Fix Me.† With this CD they have remained popular without abandoning their powerful rock style, which truly makes this album a masterpiece. The musical compositions are well crafted, and feature the bands best assets. Lead singer Josh Ramsay uses his large vocal range and upper register to enhance the lyrics as well as musical riffs, though it is guitarist Matt Webb whose impeccable plucking makes these riffs catchy and enjoyable. With drummer Ian Casselmans strong rhythms, and bassist Mike Ayleys fantastic harmonies, the band captures genuine emotions that make their music exceptional. The lyrics by Ramsay prove him to be an ingenious artist. We will write a custom essay sample on Marianas Trench Masterpiece Theater or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They go beyond the words on the page, with deep meaning behind them. Even in pop-punk songs like â€Å"Celebrity Status,† and â€Å"Cross My Heart,† Ramsay manages to create meaningful and powerful messages. â€Å"Masterpiece Theater† has also shown how they have matured since their first album in 2006. â€Å"Fix Me† had meaningful lyrics and compelling musicality, but it used profanity to complete its message. On their second album there is no swearing, which perhaps indicates how the band has worked through their insecurities, and no longer relies on dirty lyrics to make songs popular. In conclusion, â€Å"Masterpiece Theater† is a heart-wrenching album for all rock fans. It is spectacular in both lyrical and musical aspects, and shows growth yet consistency.

Operation Surgical Procedure Was Performed â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Operation Surgical Procedure Was Performed? Answer: Introduction The paper deals with the case study of the Mrs Nancy Andrews. She is 77-year-old female. The patient was initially admitted for the endovascular repair of a 6 cm infra renal abdominal aortic aneurysm. On the third day after operation, the patient had intense abdominal pain. On the fourth day post operation second surgical procedure was performed. After the surgical procedure the patient was diagnosed with Acute Kidney Injury or AKI. Currently, she is prescribed Continuous Veno-Venous Hemo Dialysis. In response to the case study, the paper discusses acute kidney injury and explains the criteria, in this patient that is suggestive of acute kidney injury. The choice of therapy prescribed for the patient is critically evaluated. Acute Kidney Injury Acute kidney injury can be defined as a decrease in the kidney function abruptly that results in the dysregulation of the extracellular volume and electrolytes, and the retention of nitrogenous waste products and the urea (Zuk and Bonventre 2016). Criteria in patient that is suggestive of AKI The criterion for the patient that is suggestive of AKI is the endovascular aneurysm repair or EVAR. Since acute kidney injury is characterised by the decrease in the glomerular filtration rate and increase in the serum creatinine and urea nitrogen. The same was observed in the case of Mrs Andrews. Her creatinine was 310 instead of 50-100. Her urea concentration was 22 instead of 2.7 8. Decreased haemoglobin was indicative of increased fluid volume and acute kidney failure. Mrs Andrewss haemoglobin was 87 instead of 115-155. AKI could also occur due to increase in infection, which in case of Mrs Andrews is evident from WCC of 18.2 instead of 4-11. The cause of infection could be the Arterial and CVP line were inserted during the procedure in her (Saratzis et al. 2015). According to Bang et al. (2014), the patients who underwent the complex EVAR procedure are at risk of AKI. Further, the emergence of AKI after EVAR is documented in various studies. Age is the major risk factor for the AKI. For patients older than 70 years aneurysm and AKI are highly prominent (Saratzis et al. 2013). Mrs Andrews is 77 year old and was highly susceptible to the AKI after EVAR. Long time of operation is also found to increase the risk of AKI, in this case this may have also caused the AKI in the patient (Bang et al. 2014). According to Ronco et al. (2015), severe cardiac disease, hypercholesterolemia and large abdominal aortic aneurysm diameter increases the surgical intervention and associated complications. Among the complication, the main one is the AKI. In this case study the patient has endovascular repair of a 6 cm infra renal abdominal aortic aneurysm. Further, the patient also has the history of the coronary artery disease, hyperlipidaemia which, is suggestive of AKI in this case. In addition, the angiography results showing the renal perfusion defects indicate the risk of AKI. However, in the case Mrs Andrews, the angiography at the completion of the procedure revealed no graft or endovascular leaks. The other physiological data suggests of AKI. Choice of therapy for this patient CVVHD is the appropriate treatment for the AKI. This process involves the use of a pump-driven venovenous circuit. This method works on the principle of both diffusion and ultra-filtration. In this technique a dialysate solution is run at a low rate counter-current t the flow of the blood. This technique maximises the diffusion based solution removal. It permits blood flows better than that provided by the arteriovenous circuit. The blood flow is more constant and higher. In addition, it eliminates the need of a large-bore arterial catheter. This eliminates the risks of arterial thrombosis and arterial bleeding associated with it. The benefits of the therapy include good clearance of small solutes urea, water, creatinine and electrolytes. Due to continuous haemodialysis, it is efficient in removing the low molecular weight solutes. It is thus used clinically for regulating the serum concentration of the small solutes (Symons 2017). It helps to maintain the stable hemodynamic status and the nutritional requirements of the patients. It is useful to eliminate the large amount of plasma ammonia (Pistolesi et al. 2016). Currently the status of the patient shows that the urine output is 0-2 mls per hour. Her renal ultrasound 1800 reveals adequate flow through renal arteries. The medical events of Mrs Andrews in ICU show that she has periods of hypotension. Using the therapy of CVVHD, the chance of hypotension can be removed as ultrafiltration can be done at slow rate. Even if the hypotensive episodes are brief, there is high probability that kidney may be further damaged. Recovery from AKI is slowed by multiple hypotensive episodes, in patients who are critically ill. Thus, this method is appropriate for Mrs Andrews considering her present condition. Mrs Andrews is meeting the criteria for the haemodialysis therapy. Fluid resuscitations are performed on her with infusions of crystalloid packed cells and colloids. Inf usions of Dobutamine and Noradrenaline are commenced. A pulmonary artery catheter is inserted at 0400 hours for hemodynamic monitoring. Her initial blood glucose level is 12.1 According to Kakajiwala et al. (2016), it is effective to prevent the kidney problems by providing the patient with lots of fluid and salts or bicarbonates. The alternative therapy could be the Continuous Veno-Venous Hemofiltration(CVVH) is the short-term treatment for the patients in ICU. It is the therapy used when the patient is unable to tolerate the haemodialysis or is having the low blood pressure (Liu et al. 2016). McLaughlin et al. (2017) argued on the basis of the retrospective review that CVVH is not effective in reducing mortality or the length of stay in hospital when compared to the CVVHD. Evidences from other studies showed that when compared to CVVH, CVVHD is effective in terms of diffusion- based principle as it results in greater solute removal. According to Eyler et al. (2014) patients who have undergone the abdominal aortic aneurysm and have been diagnosed with the complication of AKI is also susceptible to the also susceptible to protein calorie malnutrition. In this patients, it is necessary to balance the protein levels by administering a lot of fluids and proteins. Unlike the intermittent haemodialysis, CVVHD addresses the need of the critically ill patients by helping with slow and continuous removal of the toxins and fluids. In the intermittent method the patients fluid and protein intake is limited between the treatments. This helps to prevent the toxic levels of nitrogen and fluid overload. By removing the fluids continuously, the advantage is that the therapy mimics the native kidney. Further, there is no build up of the protein and toxins the patients can receive as much of them to get the optimal nutrition. In the current condition, Mrs Andrews is a critically ill patient, she may not be able to tolerate the int ermittent dialysis. The same is evident from the prescription of fluid removal prescribed at at 100 mls/hr. It is commenced with 2 liter exchanges and a blood flow rate at 200 mls/hr. She require large amount of fluid for various reasons. If there is no hemodynamic compromise, the patient will not be able to tolerate the rapid fluid and electrolyte shifts (RENAL Replacement Therapy Study Investigators 2009). Conclusion In conclusion, the assignment has comprehensively discussed the, criteria in-patient that is suggestive of AKI. The choice of therapy is critically analysed and is concluded that the CVVHD is the appropriate therapy for Mrs. Andrews. References Bang, J.Y., Lee, J.B., Yoon, Y., Seo, H.S., Song, J.G. and Hwang, G.S., 2014. Acute kidney injury after infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery: a comparison of AKIN and RIFLE criteria for risk prediction.British journal of anaesthesia,113(6), pp.993-1000. Eyler, R.F., Vilay, A.M., Nader, A.M., Heung, M., Pleva, M., Sowinski, K.M., DePestel, D.D., Srgel, F., Kinzig, M. and Mueller, B.A., 2014. Pharmacokinetics of ertapenem in critically ill patients receiving continuous venovenous hemodialysis or hemodiafiltration.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy,58(3), pp.1320-1326. Kakajiwala, A.K., Ferguson, M.A. and Fitzgerald, J.C., 2016. Acute Kidney Injury 11.Fundamentals of Pediatric Surgery, p.75. Liu, D.L., Huang, L.F., Ma, W.L., Ding, Q., Han, Y., Zheng, Y. and Li, W.X., 2016. Determinants of Calcium Infusion Rate During Continuous Veno-venous Hemofiltration with Regional Citrate Anticoagulation in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Kidney Injury.Chinese medical journal,129(14), p.1682. McLaughlin, M.M., Masic, I. and Gerzenshtein, L., 2017. Evaluation of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor dosing during continuous veno-venous hemofiltration.International journal of clinical pharmacy,39(1), pp.37-40. Pistolesi, V., Di Napoli, A., Fiaccadori, E., Zeppilli, L., Polistena, F., Sacco, M.I., Regolisti, G., Tritapepe, L., Pierucci, A. and Morabito, S., 2016. Severe acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery: short-term outcomes in patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).Journal of nephrology,29(2), pp.229-239. RENAL Replacement Therapy Study Investigators, 2009. Intensity of continuous renal-replacement therapy in critically ill patients.N Engl j Med,2009(361), pp.1627-1638. Ronco, C., Ricci, Z., De Backer, D., Kellum, J.A., Taccone, F.S., Joannidis, M., Pickkers, P., Cantaluppi, V., Turani, F., Saudan, P. and Bellomo, R., 2015. Renal replacement therapy in acute kidney injury: controversy and consensus.Critical Care,19(1), p.146. Saratzis, A., Melas, N., Mahmood, A. and Sarafidis, P., 2015. Incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) and impact on outcome.European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery,49(5), pp.534-540. Saratzis, A.N., Goodyear, S., Sur, H., Saedon, M., Imray, C. and Mahmood, A., 2013. Acute kidney injury after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm.Journal of Endovascular Therapy,20(3), pp.315-330. Symons, J.M., 2017. Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) and Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). InPediatric Dialysis Case Studies(pp. 271-278). Springer, Cham. Zuk, A. and Bonventre, J.V., 2016. Acute kidney injury.Annual review of medicine,67, pp.293-307.

Zero Tolerance and Community Youth Crime Prevention an Example of the Topic Business Essays by

Zero Tolerance and Community Youth Crime Prevention The zero tolerance policy for drugs and weapons is not an effective in terms of community youth crime prevention. This is simply because such a policy does not serve the important role of identifying and mitigating the underlying factor, which lead to crime activities among the youth in the community (Hanson, 2000). The realization of a sustainable solution to a problem dictates for the resolution of the root cause to the problem. Community youth crime is evidently triggered by poor influence from other members of the community. According to available evidence, the problem of drug abuse among the American youth population is blamed on the availability of such drugs in the community (Marshall, 1999). Need essay sample on "Zero Tolerance and Community Youth Crime Prevention" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed According to psychological evidence, it is evidently claimed that the behavior of the youth population is mainly guided by peer pressure. This has been closely attributed to the fact that at such a stage in the human development, many lack the intellectual capacity to engage in reasoned decisions. Due to this reason, imposing inhumanly harsh punishments to otherwise innocent criminals contradicts the concept of effective behave correction and character building in the community (Marshall, 1999). Without an effective strategy by the government and the local community in eliminating and/or restricting the availability of drugs in the community, the zero tolerance policy remains ineffective. Crime activities by the youth in the community are caused by lack of reliable social and economic responsibilities for the youth in the community (White, 1998). An idle mind is the devils workshop. It has been sufficiently established that most of the criminal activities in the human community are conducted by the unemployed members of the community. Based on this reasoning, the zero tolerance policy for drugs and weapons fails by not addressing the issue of unemployment as the leading reason behind escalating crime activities by the youth (Marshall, 1999). Still to be appreciated is the fact that family problems are contributing significantly in youth crime activities. As per the available psychological evidence, children from families marked with domestic violence are more likely to engage in crime activities. There are numerous alternative solutions to the zero tolerance policy for drugs and weapons as a tool for promoting of community youth crime prevention. First, the government should engage its resource in identifying and resolving the underlying causes of youth crime activities in the community. On the question of drug abuse such as alcohol, the law enforcement should strive to enforce the laws restricting the availability of such drugs to the underage in the community (White, 1998). The other problem is idleness among the youth. The government and all stakeholders in the American community should strive to oversee the establishment of youth programs which are reflective of their social and economic needs. Another alternative is the engagement of the government in effective correction practices for youths who are victims of community crime. Rehabilitation has been evidently praised for its effectiveness in ensuring sustainable behavioral change in crime offenders. Still, through rehabilitation, any underlying psychological cause for the individuals criminal behavior is identified and sufficiently resolved (Marshall, 1999). Another importance of rehabilitation practices is that they serve to nurture self-reliant skills among the crime offenders. This functions to promote the economic independence of the individual upon release to the community. Therefore, effective corrective practices like rehabilitating youth crime offenders could be quite instrumental in realizing a sustainable community youth crime prevention strategy. References Hanson, A. (2005). Have Zero Tolerance School Discipline Policies Turned into Nightmare? The American Dreams Promise of Equal Education Opportunity. Marshall, J. (1999). Zero Tolerance Policing. Retrieved May 23, 2010, from http://www.ocsar.sa.gov.au/docs/information_bulletins/IB9.pdf White, R. (1998). Curtailing Youth: A Critique of Coercive Crime Prevention.

Analysis of the Declaration of Independence Essays

Analysis of the Declaration of Independence Essays Analysis of the Declaration of Independence Paper Analysis of the Declaration of Independence Paper In his essay Politics and the English Language, George Orwell sets out specific and general standards for written English. These include avoiding idioms, metaphors, similes, long words, and foreign words (Orwell). However, there are even more rigid standards for political writing. According to Orwell, the vagueness and incompetence he illustrates with five different passages are especially prevalent in political writing. Unfortunately, they appear in the Declaration of Independence as well. As a result, the Declaration of Independence is a poor specimen according to Orwells standards. The vagueness is easy to spot from the beginning of the Declaration: When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Natures God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation (Declaration of Independence). As Orwell states regarding other political writing, there is a great lack of precision in this passage (Orwell). The phrases in the course of human events and among the powers of the earth are long and unnecessary. They do not add to the meaning of the passage, and they make it difficult to read and follow. In addition, the phrase and of Natures God seems redundant, since the prior phrase is the laws of Nature. Instead, the passage should read: When it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that â€Å"Analysis of the Declaration of Independence† â€Å"Page # 02† they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. Another imprecise passage is this one: Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed (Declaration of Independence). This passage is not vague. Rather, it simply contains comma-separated phrases that could be written in a better way, as in: Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes. And accordingly all experience hath shewn that mankind are more disposed to suffer than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. In his essay Orwell warns against using phrases made up of nouns, verbs, and adjectives where a simple action verb will do (Orwell). The following example illustrates this concept: He has constrained our fellow Citizens taken Captive on the high Seas to bear Arms against their Country, to become the executioners of their friends and Brethren, or to fall themselves by their Hands (Declaration of Independence). The phrases that can be replaced by simpler verbs are: constrained, taken Captive, to become the executioners of their friends and Brethren, and to fall themselves by their hands. This passage could be re-written in the following way, keeping Orwells standards in mind: He has forced our fellow Citizens captured on the high Seas to bear Arms against â€Å"Analysis of the Declaration of Independence† â€Å"Page # 03† their Country, to execute their friends and Brethren, or to fall (or perish) by their Hands. ( In the passage above is also an example of using the passive voice unnecessarily, which is another no-no according to Orwell. The phrase is: by their hands. These words make it difficult to know who is killing whom. As a result, it would be better to omit the phrase entirely and instead write: friends and Brethren, or to fall (or perish) themselves. That anyone would criticize the well-known statement from the Declaration of Independence, all men are created equal, may seem strange. However, according to Orwells standards, there is indeed cause for questioning the word equal. Equal is one of the words Orwell describes as having numerous and variable meanings and is also one that is often used dishonestly (Orwell). Therefore, what the 13 states meant and what the king of England perceived were two different things. For example, because women couldnt vote until 1920, the states did not mean that all mankind is created equal. They indeed meant that all male people are created equal. However, the king did not know exactly what they meant, because the states hid behind the pretentious word equal. Orwell says political writing is not fresh and does not contain vivid speech. That is, there is no imagery; there are no idioms. Instead, political writers use long words where shorter ones would suffice, and these words cloud the writers meaning, making it unclear (Orwell). As a last example, read the following passage from the Declaration of Independence: -That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, That whenever any Form of Government â€Å"Analysis of the Declaration of Independence† â€Å"Page # 04† becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness (Declaration of Independence). Long, imprecise words used in this passage include: instituted, abolish, and destructive. Besides failing to state a clear meaning, these words create more syllables and less coherence, making the passage difficult to read, speak, and comprehend. This is another case in which, Orwell says, the meaning of the passage is hardly even known to its writer (Orwell). In conclusion, Orwells standards are clear about what makes good writing. Vivid imagery, preciseness, short words, everyday speech, and lack of foreign words are a few points. The Declaration of Independence breaks all of Orwells rules, without saying anything fresh or lasting. This is not to say that the Declaration of Independence is not an important piece of writing or that it has no historical value. That is far from the discussion here. What Orwells standards prove is simply that the Declaration of Independence contains vague, incompetent, and imprecise writing. â€Å"Analysis of the Declaration of Independence† Sources Declaration of Independence. Indiana Law. Indiana University School of Law- Bloomington. law. indiana. edu/uslawdocs/declaration. html (Dec 4 2006) Orwell, George. Politics and the English Language. 1946. www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/orwell46.htm (Dec 4 2006).

Referee Report on a one of the starred readings Essay

Referee Report on a one of the starred readings - Essay Example mathematical and statistical analysis, the authors explored each of three possible explanations – cohort size, child endowment, or birth plannedness channels – and concluded that birth planning accounted for an extra 0.2 years or two to three months of schooling characteristically enjoyed by children born in auspicious years. The paper is well written. The authors described, with the use of a professional writing style that is simple and easy to understand, the topic and explained the purpose of the research clearly. They likewise were sufficiently objective in describing the limitations of the study, balancing the implications of the results and raising issues for further scientific investigation, such as the pervasiveness of superstition in influencing parental decisions for child bearing. Their grasp of Vietnamese culture is, in the absence of this reviewer’s prior knowledge on the subject, quite comprehensive, informational and fascinating. The diagrammatic approach in outlining the Vietnamese zodiac drives home the point that in Eastern cultures, many life-and-death decisions are determined by the stars. This may not sound scientific, but observing the fast economic growth rates and ongoing business successes of the developing Asian economies, it is easy to fall into the trap of questioning the wisdom of human decisions backed by millennia of experience. Do and Phung attempted to explain in a rational manner what seems like a sophisticated decision-making model based on Vietnamese culture’s reliance on the zodiac and linked this with the finding that large birth cohorts coincided with the auspicious years. They observed that, over the twenty-one years of the sample study, â€Å"auspicious† cohorts were schooled for 0.2 years more than the â€Å"non-auspicious† cohorts. Many economic research studies are based on statistics that researchers hope are reliable. The problem is that in most totalitarian governments, such as Vietnam’s, statistics

Professional Health Organizations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Professional Health Organizations - Assignment Example The roots of the current health education profession can be traced back to the early 1940s. This is the period in which standards for professional development of health practitioners and the interest in the observation of quality emerged. These changes were mainly advocated for after the events of World War II. Unlike the old system of health education, the current curriculum in the field insists on the observation of quality and the set standards. The current system of health also trains professionals insisting on a healthy community through disease prevention rather than cure (McKinlay 1981). One of the organizations of health profession in the United States is the American Public Health Association (APHA). This is the oldest known organization that has been working to improve public health and education in the area of health since 1872. This organization aims to educate the public on serious health threats and also shield the citizens from preventable diseases. In health education, the organization provides and protects funding for the main public health services. Another organization in the profession is the National Commission for Health Education Credentialing (NCHEC). This organization was commenced to enhance the practice of professionalism in health education by managing and sustaining an acceptable body of specialists. The organization certifies specialists in health education, strengthens expert training and practice and promotes professional

Hyundai Motor Company Business Challenges and Relationships Case Study

Hyundai Motor Company Business Challenges and Relationships - Case Study Example In a bid to penetrate the markets of the developed countries, the company’s packaging strategy faced great challenges. First, the company’s most expensive car model such as the Santa Fe and Sonata were undervalued when compared against their competitors in those markets. A research in these markets reviled that despite the cars from Hyundai ranking high in terms of quality scores when compared to their competitors, they still had lower resale values. A good example is the Hyundai’s Elantra which had higher quality rankings than the Dodge Neon, Nissan Sentra, and Chrysler but when it came to the resale values all these car models ranked well than it. Similarly, this was phenomena was also exhibited in the Hyundai Santa Fe. Its quality rankings ranked higher than that of competing models such as the Toyota RAV 4, Toyota Highlander, the Jeep Liberty, the Ford Escape and the Mazda Tribute. After one-year of sale, the retail value of the Hyundai Santa Fe was much lowe r than all these car models from competitors. To make matters worse the resale value gap between the Hyundai Santa Fe car and its competitors such as the car models from Toyota was larger than the quality gap between the car models. The resale value of a car is usually considered as the market’s perception of the quality, worth and value of that specific model. These low ranking of the models from Hyundai models in the markets of developed nations pose a great challenge to the survival of the company in those markets.

The Basic Energy Sources For Electric Energy Environmental Sciences Essay

The Basic Energy Sources For Electric Energy Environmental Sciences Essay What are the basic energy sources for electric energy? Electricity is a converted energy. So its being the basic energy source for simple motor to the complex computer system. In this aspect it runs our life with efficiency and conveniently. There for it is important to aware where does it come from and how does it create. The electric energy can be generated in various ways but basically there are five different sources for electric energy. We can categorize it like as following. Hydroelectric energy In hydroelectric energy generation that electricity is generate by using water.This is a method to generate electricity from a renewable source, and generates very little pollution. Here a dam is built to trap water, usually in a valley where there is an existing lake. Because the water running through tunnels in the dam to the turbines and thus drive generators. The dam is much thicker at the bottom than the top, the pressure of the water increases with depth. Gravitational potential energy stored in the water above the dam. Due to the large amount of water, it will forward to the work under high pressure, which means we can much energy from it. The water then flows away along the river as usual. The first hydroelectric plant in history began producing electricity in 1882. It is located in the state of Wisconsin, the Fox River and is used for the generation of electricity. Hydropower in many countries throughout the world and in Sri Lanka, including Brazil, Canada, Russia, Tanzania, Iceland, North Korea and New Zealand. It seems to be a popular option in almost every area, whether political or economic differences. It has a number of advantages in relation to other electrical sources. Once the dam is built, the energy is virtually free No waste or pollution produced. Much more reliable than wind, solar or wave power. Electricity can be generated constantly. Hydro-electric power stations can increase to full power very quickly, unlike other power stations. But at the same time it has few disadvantages as the dams are very expensive to build. On the other hand building a large dam will flood very large area upstream, causing problems for animals that used to live there. Also hydroelectricity cannot fulfill todays large require consumption in world. Electricity from Coal Coal power is another major resource of electric energy which has been using many parts of the world. Coal is the solid end-product of millions of years of decomposition of organic materials. In truth, coal is stored solar energy. Plants capture the energy from sunlight through photosynthesis, which directly converts solar energy to plant matter. Animals that then eat the plants to convert that energy again, storing it in their own bodies. Over millions of years, accumulated plant and animal matter is covered by sediment and stored within the earths crust, gradually being transformed into hard black solids by the sheer weight of the earths surface. Coal, like other fossil fuel supplies, takes millions of years to create, but releases its stored energy within only a few moments when burned to generate electricity. Because coal is a finite resource, and cannot be replenished once it is extracted and burned, it cannot be considered a renewable resource. Electricity from Wind Weve used the wind as an energy source for a long time. The Babylonians and Chinese were using wind power to pump water for irrigating crops 4,000 years ago, and sailing boats were around long before that. Wind is a renewable resource because it is inexhaustible. The Sun heats our atmosphere unevenly, so some patches become warmer than others. These warm patches of air raise, other air blows in to replace them and we feel a wind blowing. We can use the energy in the wind by building a tall tower, with a large propeller on the top. The wind blows the propeller round, which turns a generator to produce electricity. When it comes to cost the current costs of wind-generated electricity at prime sites approach the costs of a new coal-fired power plant. Wind power is the lowest-cost renewable energy technology available on the market today. According to the researches, the costs of wind power are projected to continue to fall and may rank the cheapest electricity source of all options by 2020. Wind power also has both advantages and disadvantages. It produces no air pollution. They use no water, and there is no need to tear up the land to extract the wind resource that produces wind power. Nonetheless, there may be environmental problems associated with some wind plants. It generates three categories of environmental impacts: visual impacts; noise pollution; wildlife impacts. These impacts can vary immensely from site to site. Solar Electricity Solar electricity is created by using Photovoltaic (PV) technology by converting solar energy into solar electricity from sunlight. Photovoltaic systems use sunlight to power ordinary electrical equipment, for example, household appliances, computers and lighting. The photovoltaic (PV) process converts free solar energy the most abundant energy source on the planet directly into solar power. Note that this is not the familiar passive or solar electricity thermal technology used for space heating and hot water production. A PV cell consists of two or more thin layers of semiconducting material, most commonly silicon. When the silicon is posed to light, electrical charges are generated and this can be conducted away by metal contacts as direct current (DC). The electrical output from a single cell is small, so multiple cells are connected together and encapsulated (usually behind glass) to form a module (sometimes referred to as a panel). The PV module is the principle building block of a PV system and any number of modules can be connected together to give the desired electrical output. PV equipment has no moving parts and as a result requires minimal maintenance. It generates solar electricity without producing emissions of greenhouse or any other gases, and its operation is virtually silent. Sri Lanka lies between 6 and 10 degrees north of the Equator and as such will have limited seasonal variation. However, variations in cloud cover have a significant impact on output from PV. Apart from these basic methods, electricity can be generated via tidal power, wave power, geothermal power and biogas etc. But those energy sources are either in experimental stage or have been used in small scaled projects wise. Electricity from Nuclear power Nuclear energy is energy in the nucleus (core) of an atom. Atoms are tiny particles that make up every object in the universe. There is enormous energy in the bonds that hold atoms together. Nuclear energy can be used to make electricity. But first the energy must be released. It can be released from atoms in two ways: nuclear fusion and nuclear fission. Nuclear fusion, energy is released when atoms are combined or fused together to form a larger atom. This is how the sun produces energy. In nuclear fission, atoms are split apart to form smaller atoms, releasing energy. Nuclear power plants use nuclear fission to produce electricity. Nuclear power plants are very clean and efficient to operate. However, nuclear power plants have some major environmental risks. Nuclear power plants produce radioactive gases. These gases are to be contained in the operation of the plant. If these gases are released into the air, major health risks can occur. Nuclear plants use uranium as a fuel to produce power. The mining and handling of uranium isvery risky and radiation leaks can occur. The third concern of nuclear power is the permanent storage of spent radioactive fuel. This fuel is toxic for centuries, handling and disposal is an ongoing environmental issue. Nuclear plants are very expensive. And also it would be dangerous for small countries like us. Because the heat from the uncontrolled reaction can melt everything it comes into contact with. Catastrophic accid ents could injure or kill thousands of people. For create nuclear plant need huge land are without living creatures (people, animals etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦). We need like deserts. So we hard to going to nuclear power.

Essay --

Since it’s discovery in 1981, AIDS has become a worldwide pandemic. Over 30 million people have died since 1981 worldwide because of the silent virus. HIV, which is the abbreviation of human immuno deficency virus, has a worldwide effect because there is not a known way of curing the virus. HIV gradually destroys one’s immune system until their body is too weak to fight off disease, making it easy for a person to die from a simple infection like the flu, or a fever. Today, 33 million people and counting are living with this disease, and one in five are unaware of their infection. most of the 3.5–5.3 million Americans living with viral hepatitis do not know that they are infected, putting them in greater risk for severe or fatal complications from the disease, and increasing the chance that they will spread the virus to others. People living with AIDS or HIV can have trouble getting or maintaining work positions. Many people are afraid to be around people with AIDS because they do not want the disease to be transmitted to them. This assumption occurs because of lack of education on the subject. One cannot, in fact, contract HIV through skin to skin contact, unless infected blood, semen, or vaginal fluid comes in contact with an opening in one’s body. The issue of HIV/AIDS has not yet been resolved because of the lack of knowledge on the disease. Researchers do not know for sure why the illness weakens your immune system, and there is no cure for AIDS or HIV. There are, however, medicines that can keep the AIDS disease at bay, and freeze the progress of a current HIV infection. There are currently five different strains of HIV drugs. Each class of drugs attacks HIV at different points in it’s progression. This medication is stan... ...sitive, and that it is against Russian federal law for them to engage in sexual intercourse with another Russian citizen without telling them about their incurable disease. they are then sent away with no drug prescriptions, no counseling, and no knowledge on how serious the disease is. Between 1999 and 2000 more people died of AIDS in Africa than in all the wars on the continent. AIDS affects different segments of society in different ways. For example, children may have to care for an ill parent. Schooling may suffer as a result. Other times, children become orphans as parents succumb to AIDS. While poverty is obviously a main factor as to why AIDS is much more severe in Africa, political will of national governments is another cause. Constraints such as social norms and taboos, or lack of effective institutions have all contributed to the situation getting worse.

Dream Chocolate Company Essay

Analysis of D.C.’s Competitive Environment and Information Need Dream Chocolate (D.C.) is a small company trying to survive in an industry with many competitors. The competitive environment comes from some factors. Firstly, D.C. bars are sold in specialty markets, fine gift stores and also available online. However, the competitive companies can also provide various chocolate bars for customers with the low price on the Internet. Secondly, comparing to the big chocolate company like Mars, D.C. is a small company that has the lower brand reputation. Therefore, there may be not many people would trust their products. On the other hand, facing this competitive environment, D.C. has developed many competitive advantages that could attract customers to choice its products. D.C. Company pursues the high quality chocolate and changes the basic milk chocolate bar into variety of flavors. The company’s niche is European-style custom chocolate bars and labeling, and it is known f or its flexibility and speed. A small customer order can be printed, labeled, and ready for pick up or shipping within one hour if the company already has the label in its system, which few company can achieve that level. Moreover, D.C. also faced the pressure from the continued national recession hurt sales in 2011. Thus, in order to deal with the internal and external competitive environment, the D.C. Company needs more business to utilize their capacity and make a profit. The main issue will be training people. It takes up long time to train people adequately. Also, customer labeling needs to be more effectively marketed, which is D.C.’s best margin area. For purpose that the company’s strategy and product can be efficiently carried out, D.C. Company should provide actual cost per order or per unit that can compute the operating margin for the individual products and the allocation of overhead costs that can know whether orders are profitable or not. Pros and Cons for Different Costing Systems Job Costing System A job is simply a product or service that can be easily distinguished from other products or services and for which the firm desires that a specific cost be recorded for the product or service. Job order costing records the  actual materials and labor expenses for specific jobs and assigns overhead to jobs at a predetermined overhead rate. Job order costing offers a detailed analysis of the costs of materials, labor cost and overheads by functions and nature. One advantage of job order costing is that it allows managers to calculate the profit earned on individual jobs, helping them to better decide whether specific job are desirable to pursue in the future. This is best for businesses that do highly custom work, such as construction contractors and consultants. Also, Job order costing gives managers the advantage of being able to keep track of individuals’ and teams’ performance in terms of cost-control, efficiency and productivity. It can evaluate efficiency of diff erent types of jobs with cost records by using statistical techniques. Job order costing facilitates the estimation of the cost of a similar job and allocates overheads on the basis of a predetermined rate. Moreover, job order costing makes easy to identify spoilage and defects to take corrective actions. However, there are also several problems with the job order costing system. Firstly, job order costing needs a great deal of clerical work in recording material issue, wage computation, payment and overhead charges. Therefore, the employees are required to track all materials and labor used during the job, which will need more accountants to works and creates additional cost for small company. Secondly, job order costing focuses attention primarily on products rather than on departments or activities. This is not an issue if there is supplemental systems in place that record information about other cost categories, but it leaves management with inadequate information if this is not the case. Additionally, strict control of cost associated with a job is difficult since overheads are allocated on estimation, which should using reasonable parameters like selecting suitable basis. Process Costing System Process costing typically used by companies that produce large quantities of identical products that are made in long, continuous production runs through a series of process centers (departments). Process costing accumulates costs in a department for an accounting period and then spreads them evenly, or on an average basis, over all units produced that month. Process costing is an easier system to use when costing homogenous products compared to other cost allocation methods. Each process applies direct materials, labor and  manufacturing overhead to the production cost total. Management accountants take the total number of goods leaving the process and divide the total process cost by this number. This creates a simple average cost for each item produced. Another advantage is that business owners use process costing because it creates a flexible production process. Companies needing to refine their process can simply add or remove a process as necessary. This also allows companies to lower their production cost for each good. Adding a process allows companies to produce slightly different goods or improve product quality. This flexibility ensures companies can produce at the most competitive cost in the economic marketplace. Also process costing provides an approach to allocate costs to partially completed production. But the process costing also exists several disadvantages. Production cost error is a significant disadvantage for cost accounting systems. Process costing does not use direct allocation to apply business costs to individual goods, which will arbitrarily increase each item’s cost and also increases the consumer product price. Management accountants may also create under-costed products. Under-costed products usually result in lower business profits because goods are actually more expensive than actually reported. Other problem is that accountants must calculate equivalent units in the process costing system. Equivalent units represent the amount of unfinished goods left in a process at the end of an accounting period. This information is reported as the work-in-process on a company’s balance sheet. Inaccurate work-in-process accounts may also result in distorted finished good totals. This creates a difficult process for managing inventory and determining how many products the company has to sell in the open marketplace. Operation Costing System Operation costing is a hybrid of job and process costing, which is used in manufacturing goods that have some individual characteristics plus some common characteristic. An operation is a standardized method of making a product that is repeatedly performed. Operation costing is often used when different products use common processes but differ in their material. The advantage of operation costing system is that some products are mass-produced and can be customized to order, which cost accountants use the operation costing system. Using operation-costing system could be more accurate to record the cost of product because it separates materials for  each type of products and allocate the conversion costs through departments. Also, because much of the production is the same for all products manufacture, accountants use operation costing to distinguish these costs and determine individual product costs However, operation-costing system is more complex to calculate, company should require collecting much more data comparing to process costing or job costing. It needs to compute the units of production and the product cost of each unit according to the information of materials be collected and the unit of equivalent products. Activity-Based Costing System Activity-based costing (ABC) is two-stage product costing method that first assigns costs to activities and then assigns them to products based on the products’ consumption of activities. The use of ABC is especially important to businesses that provide customized products or services. A customized production environment requires ABC’s allocation of actual indirect costs to a product to identify its true cost. Implementing ABC is a challenging task for any business and the process carrying several advantages and disadvantages. One of advantage of ABC system is to improve business processes. It allocates indirect cost based on a product’s cost drive or the factor that creates the cost, which would be more accurate than the other costing methods. ABC can be used to identify non-valued added activities and can help to better allocate resources to efficient and profitable activities. Another advantage of ABC system is to identify wasteful products. ABC can allow the business to better understand where overhead costs are going. The data can identify wasteful products and unnecessary costs, so that resources can be used productively. The method also helps to fix the price of products or services that are excessive or incorrect. Overall product and service quality can improve as ABC’s data details production and cost issues that need to be resolved. Additionally, ABC system tends to reduce per unit cost of high volume products and increase per unit cost of low volume products, but the impact is more dramatic on the low volume products. However, implementing an ABC system can be expensive and time-consuming. Manager should break down business activities into each activity’s individual components. The entire process needs to collect much valuable resource as data to measure and enter into the new system.  Businesses may also require hiring the assistance of a consultant who specializes in the setup of an ABC system and provide training for them. Moreover, using ABC system sometimes is easily to misinterpret the data. It is also possible that some ABC may be irrelevant in certain decision-making scenarios. For instance, ABC does not conform to accounting standard and should not be used for external reporting. Since traditional cost figures tend to be the norm, interpreting ABC data along with regular accounting information can be confusing and lead to bad decision-making. Recommend a Costing Method to D.C. D.C. is a small but growing company trying to survive in an industry with many players. This small company has limited staff and they do not currently track actual cost information during production. However, D.C. has the competitive advantage that it combines high-quality, variety of flavors and custom labeling together. Due to D.C.’s high-end process, high volume and various types of chocolates, I recommend D.C. use operation costing system that combines the process costing and job costing together. Firstly, D.C. has three sizes of chocolate, which are 1.25 oz. bar, 3.0 oz. bar and 3.25 oz. Bar. And the three sizes bar can be divided into two types chocolates that are organic and non-organic. The different materials will be added into production to get various flavors. Thus, the martial of production that is direct cost can use job-costing method. Using job order costing is that it allows D.C. to calculate the profit earned on individual jobs, helping them to better decide w hether specific job are desirable to pursue in the future. Job order costing also makes easy to keep track of the production, identify spoilage and defects to take corrective actions during the period of production. Then, the labor cost should be included in product cost. Direct labor comes from pouring, inspecting, foiling and labeling. Notice that larger bars can be inspected twice as fast as the smaller bars. Because each area might be working on multiple customer jobs at a time, it is difficult to track labor hours for each customer order. Therefore, using the job costing system records the different type of customer order, which would be more accurate to record labor cost. And we should also calculate equivalent unit to compute labor cost per bar for each department. Finally, for the overhead cost which is indirect cost, each product is produced using the  same process, which means there is no difference in the overhead costs for the different products. So it is suitable to use process-costing method. And process costing is more flexible in allocating conversion costs, because it only accumulates the total costs and allocates the costs to each department or process. The operation costing system is a flexible way to handle high-volume or low-volume production month. It is used when different products use common processes but differ in their materials. When the volume is high, D.C. company do not need to hire more employee to work because the combination of job costing and process costing could figure out the mass production. Also, the operation costing can easily find any mistakes and don’t have to wait till the end of the month to fix the problem. Handling the new special order and new cost Recent order from the wellness company shows that bars can have one or more types of special flavors and ingredient additives. Bars with higher-cost flavor additives such as coffee and Kava can be viewed as direct cost. Thus, they would be treated for the same as direct materials and be allocated to the specific products. But less expensive additives, such as flavoring oils are not included in direct costs and these cost usually show up in overhead cost. In addition to the direct materials cost for these ingredients, there is additional labor required for stirring to achieve equal distribution throughout the bar. Moreover, the labeling design cost for new special order is overhead cost, which is related to the product cost. So it would be allocated to the specific product separately as well. Summary and Implementation In conclusion, I will recommend the company using the operation costing system, which combine the job costing and process costing. In case of DC the manufacturing environment is complex. Product in its initial stages has identical processing, and then is finished using specific procedure like adding activities or customized packaging. The method accounts for costs based on difference in the products. Also operation costing as it will give clear cost of products and their profitability. It will help Kay to set up the price of the products will help him to determine most profitable product. In order to calculate the cost of chocolate bar, we should require  the actual production for organic and non-organic bars, cost of ingredients for special orders and additional training and labor hours for special order.

European Countries Ranked by Area

European Countries Ranked by Area The continent of  Europe varies in latitude from places such as Greece, which is in the range of about 35 degrees north to 39 degrees north latitude, to Iceland, which ranges from around 64 degrees north to more than 66 degrees north. Because of the difference in latitudes, Europe has varying climates and topography. Regardless, it has been inhabited for about 2 million years. It consists of only about 1/15th of the worlds land, but the contiguous continent has about 24,000 square miles (38,000 sq km) of coastline. Stats Europe is made up of 46  countries that  range in size from some of the largest in the world (Russia) to some of the smallest (Vatican City, Monaco). The population of Europe is about 742 million (United Nations 2017 Population Division figure), and for a landmass of about 3.9 million square miles (10.1 sq km), it has a density of 187.7 people per square mile. By Area, Largest to Smallest The following is a list of the countries of Europe arranged by area. Various sources may differ in size of a countrys area due to rounding, whether the original figure is in kilometers or miles, and whether the sources include overseas territories. Figures here come from the CIA World Factbook, which presents figures in square kilometers; they have been converted and rounded to the nearest number. Russia: 6,601,668 square miles (17,098,242 sq km)Turkey:  302,535 square miles (783,562 sq km)Ukraine:  233,032 square miles (603,550 sq km)France:  212,935 square miles (551,500 sq km);  248,457 square miles (643,501 square km) including overseas regionsSpain:  195,124 square miles (505,370 sq km)Sweden:  173,860 square miles (450,295 sq km)Germany:  137,847 square miles (357,022 sq km)Finland:  130,559 square miles (338,145 sq km)Norway: 125,021 square miles (323,802 sq km)Poland:  120,728 square miles (312,685 sq km)Italy:  116,305 square miles (301,340 sq km)United Kingdom:  94,058 square miles (243,610 sq km), includes Rockall and Shetland IslandsRomania: 92,043 square miles (238,391 sq km)Belarus: 80,155 square miles (207,600 sq km)Greece: 50,949 square miles (131,957 sq km)Bulgaria: 42,811 square miles (110,879 sq km)Iceland:  39,768 square miles (103,000 sq km)Hungary: 35,918 square miles (93,028 sq km)Portugal: 35,556 square miles (92,090 sq km)Austri a: 32,382 square miles (83,871 sq km)Czech Republic: 30,451 square miles (78,867 sq km) Serbia: 29,913 square miles (77,474 sq km)Ireland: 27,133 square miles (70,273 sq km)Lithuania: 25,212 square miles (65,300 sq km)Latvia: 24,937 square miles (64,589 sq km)Croatia:  21,851 square miles (56,594 sq km)Bosnia and Herzegovina: 19,767 square miles (51,197 sq km)Slovakia: 18,932 square miles (49,035 sq km)Estonia: 17,462 square miles (45,228 sq km)Denmark: 16,638 square miles (43,094 sq km)Netherlands:  16,040 square miles (41,543 sq km)Switzerland:  15,937 square miles (41,277 sq km)Moldova: 13,070 square miles (33,851 sq km)Belgium:  11,786 square miles (30,528 sq km)Albania: 11,099 square miles (28,748 sq km)Macedonia: 9,928 square miles (25,713 sq km)Slovenia: 7,827 square miles (20,273 sq km)Montenegro: 5,333 sq miles (13,812 sq km)Cyprus: 3,571 square miles (9,251 sq km)Luxembourg: 998 square miles (2,586 sq km)Andorra:  181 square miles (468 sq km)Malta:  122 square miles (316 sq km)Liechtenstein: 62 square miles (160 sq km)San Marino:  23 square miles (61 sq km)Monaco:  0.77 square miles (2 sq km) Vatican City: 0.17 square miles (0.44 sq km)

Free Essays on Teen Depression

Adolescent Depression: The Under Acknowledged Disease Psychology Depression is a disease that afflicts the human psyche in such a way that the afflicted tends to act and react abnormally toward others and themselves. Therefore it comes to no surprise to discover that adolescent depression is strongly linked to teen suicide. Adolescent suicide is now responsible for more deaths in youths aged 15 to 19 than cardiovascular disease or cancer (Blackman, 1995). Despite this increased suicide rate, depression in this age group is greatly underdiagnosed and leads to serious difficulties in school, work and personal adjustment which may often continue into adulthood. How prevalent are mood disorders in children and when should an adolescent with changes in mood be considered clinically depressed? Brown (1996) has said the reason why depression is often over looked in children and adolescents is because "children are not always able to express how they feel." Sometimes the symptoms of mood disorders take on different forms in children than in adults. Adolescence is a time of emotional turmoil, mood swings, gloomy thoughts, and heightened sensitivity. It is a time of rebellion and experimentation. Blackman (1996) observed that the "challenge is to identify depressive symptomatology which may be superimposed on the backdrop of a more transient, but expected, developmental storm." Therefore, diagnosis should not lay only in the physician's hands but be associated with parents, teachers and anyone who interacts with the patient on a daily basis. Unlike adult depression, symptoms of youth depression are often masked. Instead of expressing sadness, teenagers may express boredom and irritability, or may choose to engage in risky behaviors (Oster & Montgomery, 1996). Mood diso rders are often accompanied by other psychological problems such as anxiety (Oster & Montgomery, 1996), eating disorders (Lasko et al., 1996), hypera... Free Essays on Teen Depression Free Essays on Teen Depression Adolescent Depression: The Under Acknowledged Disease Psychology Depression is a disease that afflicts the human psyche in such a way that the afflicted tends to act and react abnormally toward others and themselves. Therefore it comes to no surprise to discover that adolescent depression is strongly linked to teen suicide. Adolescent suicide is now responsible for more deaths in youths aged 15 to 19 than cardiovascular disease or cancer (Blackman, 1995). Despite this increased suicide rate, depression in this age group is greatly underdiagnosed and leads to serious difficulties in school, work and personal adjustment which may often continue into adulthood. How prevalent are mood disorders in children and when should an adolescent with changes in mood be considered clinically depressed? Brown (1996) has said the reason why depression is often over looked in children and adolescents is because "children are not always able to express how they feel." Sometimes the symptoms of mood disorders take on different forms in children than in adults. Adolescence is a time of emotional turmoil, mood swings, gloomy thoughts, and heightened sensitivity. It is a time of rebellion and experimentation. Blackman (1996) observed that the "challenge is to identify depressive symptomatology which may be superimposed on the backdrop of a more transient, but expected, developmental storm." Therefore, diagnosis should not lay only in the physician's hands but be associated with parents, teachers and anyone who interacts with the patient on a daily basis. Unlike adult depression, symptoms of youth depression are often masked. Instead of expressing sadness, teenagers may express boredom and irritability, or may choose to engage in risky behaviors (Oster & Montgomery, 1996). Mood diso rders are often accompanied by other psychological problems such as anxiety (Oster & Montgomery, 1996), eating disorders (Lasko et al., 1996), hypera...

Various Ways Government Interacts with the Economy Essay

Various Ways Government Interacts with the Economy - Essay Example To safeguard this, the government has prohibited the following activities: This is an agreement between two or more competitors in form of price fixing and market allocation, and involves an agreement in which one party of a group of bidders will be designated to win the bid. For example government construction contracts being determined by bid. This type of conspiracy is termed to be illegal therefore it is prohibited by the government. This is an agreement between the competitors selling the same product or services to fix, peg, discount or stabilize prices. This pushes the price of the product high hence the businesses make huge profit after exploiting the consumers. In the United States, price fixing is prosecuted under section 1 of the Sherman Act as a criminal felony offence. (APA, 2000) This is lack of compatibility between different systems and is often used in computer industry. This is whereby the different companies create different versions of the same systems that cannot inter-operate therefore forcing the consumer to purchase the spare parts from the same manufacturer only. (Arthur, 1989) This is the practice of making the sale of one good to the de facto or de jure customer conditional on the purchase of a second distinctive good. Selling printers below cost or at a loss and recovering the amount on the sale of cartilages.

Communication and Leadership in the Workplace Research Paper

Communication and Leadership in the Workplace - Research Paper Example The communication process involves interchanging messages between the source and the receiver. The source is the person that sends the information, while the receiver is the person that listens to other person talking. Maintaining good communication between the employees of a company is important because doing so can help a firm improve its productivity. Managers that maintain good communication are able to gain the trust of the employees. For communication to be effective in the workplace it must follow the proper communication channels. The communication channels are the pathways used to transmit information. Some examples of communication channels are emails, telephone, cellular phones, written letters, memos, and face to face meetings. A good mechanism that often enhances the communication process is feedback. Feedback is a reaction or response to something another person has done or said (Dictionary, 2012). A popular method of feedback that is often used in the corporate world i s 360-degree feedback. This method forces different people including peers and supervisors to evaluate the performance of an employee. Communication can be either verbal or non-verbal. Talking to another person is a form of verbal communication. Three examples of non-verbal communication are body gestures, facial expressions, and eye contact. Communication must be effective to ensure that everyone understands the message. Speaking in a concise matter helps improve the communication process. A skill that enhances communication is active listening. Five key elements of active listening are: Pay attention Show that you are listening Provide feedback Defer judgment Respond appropriately (Mindtools, 2012). Improving the communication between co-workers can help reduce misunderstandings. Good communication can also help prevent conflicts in the workplace. There are forces that inhibit communication such as cultural differences, lack of feedback, and noise. Ethnocentrism occurs when one cu lture believe their values are superior to another culture. A lack of feedback is counterproductive because the person that does not receive feedback cannot take any corrective action to improve his behavior. Noise hurts the communication process because it interferes with the ability of people to listen to the message being sent. Companies must learn about new communication technologies. New communication tools such as Skype allow workers to have video chats and conferences. Face to face dialog is one of the most effective communication methods (Stryker & Santoro, 2012). Organizations need leadership in order to guide the efforts of the company. The managers of the company are the employees that are supposed to exert leadership, but leadership can come from any employee in a firm. When leadership comes from an employee that is not in a managerial position that form of leadership is called informal leadership. Some of the top companies that utilize leadership to their advantage are IBM, General Mills, Procter & Gamble, Aditya Birla, and Colgate-Palmolive (Cnn, 2012). A company that has a reputation for having good leaders is better able to attract young talent into the firm. Good leadership in an organization helps a firm increase the motivation of its employees. Employees that are motivated perform better and have greater job satisfaction.  Ã‚  

Rhetorical analysis of an argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Rhetorical analysis of an argument - Essay Example Blake is a Londoner himself and this basic knowledge of his origin establishes the chief nature of logos linked to the ethos so that both may be set in equilibrium with the pathos as readers yield to spontaneous involvement of feeling and making sense of the narrative based on a similar experience. As Blake opens his poem â€Å"London† with â€Å"I wander thro’ each charter’d street; Near where the charter'd Thames does flow†, he means to reflect the state of misery which the city of London was confronted with in the 18th century. Blake lived in the time when tumultuous political affairs of the unscrupulous English authorities prevailed in the period coinciding the French Revolution and under such settings, the structure of law possessed rigidity which resulted to oppression and other unpleasant forms of injustice. Blake gives illustration to this by the repetition of the modifier term â€Å"charter’d† which seems to have gone overboard as th e ruling designates even the river Thames to unnecessary restrictions. Through his literary endeavor in â€Å"London†, Blake laments about the appalling conditions of the capital city which are depicted by the disconcerting sights as viewed from the atmosphere and external appearances of the general public. In his wandering, the speaker in â€Å"London† takes into account how largely keen his physical encounter is of the ailing situation that he becomes drawn to concretize with â€Å"In every cry of every Man; In every Infant's cry of fear; In every voice, in every ban†. These lamentations exhibit the worst extent of London’s depressed scenario which, according to the historical context the poet is looking at, is brought about by the wrongful or inhumane administration of law or political regulations at the time. Blake makes no mention of authorities or governmental body responsible for the complaints delivered in the poem, nevertheless, he implicitly dem onstrates the presence of unseen yet brutish socio-political force behind what may well be imagined as harsh occurrences causing people of 18th century London to suffer. This is widely evident in the third and fourth lines of the first stanza indicating â€Å"marks† which assumes both literal and symbolic meanings. The wandering speaker does not only pass along the streets as an ordinary traveller but as a critical observer who could not help empathizing for every picture he catches sight of particularly when he manages to perceive the outer countenance and feel the â€Å"marks of weakness† and the â€Å"marks of woe.† Though the poet observed London merely as he could in his capacity and limits of time, the scope of his piece spans into the society of the present where its essence proves relevant to some point. â€Å"London† may be considered as a classical work, however, since there are certain political aspects that remain true in application and value in today’s political system, the poem is able to convey relevance in manifesting how the government relates to people and addresses their needs. State corruption still occurs thereby impoverishing communities whose people are heavily or unreasonably taxed yet do not obtain proper returns in exchange of completed duties or who continue to receive minimum wages despite

Initial Assessment Essay Example for Free

Initial Assessment Essay The reasoning for using Initial Assessment in my curriculum area is because the majority of students have not completed a formal education or if having done so hold little or no qualifications. The majority of the courses start at entry level therefore no qualifications’ are require, but to offer students progression on to higher levels they need to be holding or be able to achieve a level 1 in communication and application of number. This is the minimum requirement to complete an apprenticeship programme and the vast majority wish to follow the vocational route to being a ‘qualified tradesman’. Procedures Before the day of enrolment students are fore warned at the interview stage what the awarding bodies’ requirement is to do a particular course. In the case of Construction Awards Alliance they have their own assessment criteria to try a match the suitability of the student to a particular trade. However because we deliver from entry to level 2 with three bodies to keep to the assessment process standard the college format is used( booklet produced by the learning centre, attached). Hillier. J (2005 p62) states â€Å"Great care must be used with such assessment activities. Many potential learners will feel highly by being threatened by being asked to undertake a diagnostic assessment. † In my opinion as long as students are made aware that this is not a formal test the majority do not mind taking the test, provided that the reasoning behind it is explained correctly. As a tutor it is important I remember the purpose of the test as Lambert. D and Lines. D (2000 p20) state â€Å"formative assessment is undertaken so that positive achievements of a pupil can be recognised and the appropriate next step planned†. Once all the information is collated this is entered into the course/ student profile booklet, this enables me or any other tutors to look at a particular student or group qualifications and progress as they are recorded for each achievement. Personally I think that the process works well when we complete the diagnostics on line as students can not see how others are doing. Most students feel more comfortable using this method as they do not feel as much pressure as they can wear head phones if required. The whole purpose works well because as a tutor working on entry level and to a certain degree on level 1, communication and application of number can be imbedded into the practical aspects of the course. The major weakness that I feel of the assessment process is that they are not curriculum specific; aspects of application of number are not relevant to the vocational subject. As I have experienced my self and some mature students the terminology of key words has changed until we have had them explained. When using the paper versions students that struggle to read or write often do not complete enough of the booklet, for the tutor to find the true level the students capable / working at. An important aspect that is often missed is the fact that to help students there is a requirement to have extra support in place if require for individuals. If there is no support is there a need for assessment? Yes but ensure all the support is provided and available as required in a timely manner.

Attempts to Connect in Joyce Carol Oates Shopping Essay -- Joyce Caro

Attempts to Connect in Shopping Although Shopping, written by Joyce Carol Oates, is fiction, the story portrays a relationship that represents many parents and children have in real life.   The child is growing up and wants to spread her wings.   However, the parent usually does not want to let go.   Arguments and the awkward silences are frequent. The seemingly useless attempts to connect with the son or daughter are also frequent.   Yet, what the child does not realize is that no matter how old she may get, she is still the parent s child.   The mother is not going to forget how precious her little baby is, yet that is what the mother does in this story.   Oates uses references to pregnancy to portray the relationship between mother and daughter.   Mrs. Dietrich remembers what it was like to have her little baby.   Through shopping, she tries to relate to her teenage daughter in the same cherished way.      Ã‚  Ã‚   The story is quickly introduced with the line,   An old ritual.   Saturdaymorning shopping  Ã‚   (833).   The story takes place when Nola, 17, visits home during spring break to see friends and to shop with her mother, Mrs. Dietrich, 47.  Ã‚   Though 40 years separate the two, Mrs. Dietrich strives to connect with her daughter through this shopping trip.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nola does not complain because to her, shopping is   like coming home  Ã‚   (835).   However, a connection does not happen because of a lack of communication.   During the trip, Mrs. Dietrich tries to bring up a topic to talk about but when she tries, she stops and says,   They ve been through that before .  Ã‚   This happens several times during the story.   For example, when Mrs. Dietrich is tempted to ask what Nola is thinking she stops and has to resist the temptation to do so.   Mrs. ... ...versation.   Instead, she did not say anything because   she knows not to argue  Ã‚   (836). Another opportunity is when Nola lets her mother know about her intention to go to Paris for a semester.   Instead of asking why Nola wants to go or what she plans on doing there, Mrs. Dietrich seems to dismiss the subject.   Mrs. Dietrich would rather talk about it some other time   (840).  Ã‚   Again, an opportunity to relieve the tension is lost.      Ã‚  Ã‚   The story shows a relationship between a mother and a daughter through the event of shopping.   Mrs. Dietrich, a middle aged mother, longs to have that intimate relationship with her daughter, just as she did when she was pregnant.   Nola, a young teenager wanting to spread her wings, just wants her mother to let her go.   This time of their relationship is awkward for both of them but is typical for many parents and children.

Book Of Job: Suffering Essay -- essays research papers

Book of Job: Suffering The book of Job 1:3, in The New Oxford Annonated Bible, states "Job was the greatest man among all in the East." He was a faithful servant of God, he owned thousands of animals, and had many servants and friends. Job had a very large family with seven sons and three daughters. Why was Job chosen to suffer and receive punishment at the hands of the Lord one may ask? The major themes in the book describe the ways Job deals with suffering and despair the Lord handed him. How one deals with despair and suffering is what makes a person who he or she is. The Lord is not a stranger to suffering. Psalms 69:33-36, states â€Å"The Lord hears the needy and does not despise his captive people. Let heaven and earth praise him. The seas and all that move in them. For God will save Zion and rebuild the cities of Judah. Then people will settle there and possess it; the children of his servants will inherit it; and those who love his name will dwell there.† God does not intentionally inflict despair and heartache on his believers for no reason at all. I think the despair we experience, and how we deal with it, is a test to show our true selves. The Lord does not make us suffer because of what we have done. Through suffering, we become better people and grow as an individual. You find your identity through terrible experiences. I have dealt with serious heartache and do believe that I have grown from it...

THE CORE

The same pole always ended up pointing north. All magnets have a north and a south pole, no matter what shape they might have been bent into, or even if you break it apart into pieces. The magnetic field is the strongest at these poles. As magnets are brought near one another, they exert a force on each other. The force can be either attractive or repulsive and can be felt even when the magnets don't touch (force at a distance). This leads us to the Law of Magnetism which says â€Å"Like poles repel and unlike poles attract†. This is like the force between electric charges, but not exactly the same.Electrical charges and magnetic poles are different Many people wrongly assume that magnets can stick to any metal. In fact only a few elements on the periodic table actually have any magnetic properties strong enough to be worth mentioning. These elements are known as a group as ferromagnetic elements. The name comes from the Latin name for iron, ferrule. The ferromagnetic elements are: 1. Iron 2. Cobalt 3. Nickel 4. Gadolinium As time passed, more and more people tried to explain magnetism. William Gilbert, wrote a book called De Magnet on the subject.He was able to spores some old superstitions about magnets, while at the same time presenting his own scientific ideas. He even proposed the idea of an â€Å"orb of virtue† surrounding every magnet, basically he was describing a magnetic field. The Effects of MME An electromagnetic pulse (MME), also sometimes called a transient electromagnetic disturbance, is a short burst of electromagnetic energy. At a higher level an MME can induce a spark, for example when fuelling a gasoline- engine vehicle. Such sparks have been known to cause fuel-air explosions and precautions must be taken to prevent them.A large MME can induce high rents and voltages in the victim, damaging electrical equipment or disrupting its function. A very large MME event such as a lightning strike is also capable of damaging objects such as trees, buildings and aircraft directly, either through heating effects or the disruptive effects of the very large magnetic field generated by the current. An indirect effect can be electrical fires caused by heating. These damaging effects have led to the introduction of MME weapons. Most engineered structures and systems require some form of protection against lightning to be designed in.The Animals that Navigate sing Magnetism Abominations is the phenomenon of magnetic fields produced by living organisms; it is a subset of blameworthiness's. In contrast, organisms' use of magnetism in navigation is misconception and the study of the magnetic fields' effects on organisms is negotiability. Researchers believe some migratory birds can sense the magnetic field through their upper beak because there is a magnetite receptor there, which is made up of iron-based magnetic crystals. This senses the strength of the magnetic field, which is strongest at the poles, and it measures the an gle of the field compared to the round.The beak is similar to a compass. According to the experiment done by Max Plank Institute in Germany, they found that when they re-magnetized the iron particles in the beaks of migratory birds like robins and red warblers, it suggested that the beaks do act as a type of compass or navigational device. It partially allowed the birds to decide in what direction to go in. Re- magnification is similar to when you rub a magnet with a piece of metal allowing for the metal to become magnetized, by doing this you can change the direction of magnetism by rubbing it in the other direction.The research shows that migratory birds may have sensory systems linked to their beaks that use iron to detect the Earth's magnetic field. How are the Aurora Borealis and Australia formed? The aurora Borealis (northern lights) form when charged particles emitted from the sun during a solar flare penetrate the earth's magnetic shield and collide with atoms and molecules in our atmosphere. These collisions result in countless little bursts of light, called photons, which make up the aurora. Collisions with oxygen produce red and green auroras, while nitrogen produces the pink and purple colors.This reaction encircles the polar regions of the earth and occurs at an altitude of 40-400 miles (65-650 km) in a zone called the ‘Aurorally Oval The aurora Borealis most commonly occur between 600-750 latitude, but during great geomagnetic storms the aurorally oval expands equatorial and can reach 300 latitude or further. In the northern hemisphere they are called the aurora Borealis (northern lights) and in the southern hemisphere aurora Australia (southern lights). How Magnetism is created by moving charges? When an electrical charge is moving or an electric current passes through a ire, a circular magnetic field is created.Magnetism is seen whenever electrically charged particles are in motion for example, from movement of electrons in an electric cu rrent, or in certain cases from the orbital motion of electrons around an atom's nucleus. They also arise from â€Å"intrinsic† magnetic dipoles arising from quantum-mechanical spin. The same situations that create magnetic fields, charge moving in a current or in an atom, and intrinsic magnetic dipoles, are also the situations in which a magnetic field has an effect, creating a force. QUESTIONS/EXPLANATIONS What was the cause of death of 32 civilians within the 10 mile block radius in the film?The reason why 32 people died in that movie is because when the core of the Earth stopped moving, the NEFF or Electro Magnetic Field of the Earth deteriorated causing massive problems on people with pacemakers. Pacemaker is a device that helps control the heart of people that have abnormal heart beats. Why did the wrist watch stopped ticking? Because of the MME, a pulse of electromagnetic energy, this induces a very high current thousands of volts in parts of the watch, and since many electrical items, such as microchips, are very sensitive to high voltages, it causes them to break.Explain the Erratic Behavior of the Pigeons in the Film Because the Pigeons are affected by the change of the Earth's Magnetic Why did the Borealis appear in Washington DC? When super charged particles enter the earth's atmosphere from the solar wind they tend to be channeled toward the poles by magnetic forces causing them to spiral around the magnetic field lines of the earth. They are energetic enough to unionize air molecules, so a considerable number of atoms and molecules are elevated to excited states.When they make the transition back to their ground states they emit light characteristic of the atoms and molecules. Red and green light emitted from oxygen atoms is a constituent of the light seen at the poles. Atmospheric nitrogen also plays a role. How is the Earth's Magnetic Field created according to the film? The magnetic field is generated by the rotation Of the dense, iron, liquid outer core and that this field extends about 126,000 meters (proxy. 78 miles) out into space.As the outer core fluid is driven by convection currents, a dynamo effect of circulating electric current is produced inside Earth. The Space Shuttle in the film was 12 miles off course. Explain what happened. The Space Shuttle, returning from space, suddenly turns up far off course and headed for impact in Los Angels due to a momentary glitch in its navigation, positioning systems (GAPS on overdrive), and a faulty ground transponder which resulted in the shuttle being off-course by 12 miles.Enumerate the effects of losing the earth's Magnetic Field according to the film. People with pacemakers, all within a 10-block radius, will be dead. The Golden Gate Bridge collapses, sending hundreds of people plunging to their deaths. Flocks of pigeons lose their ability to navigate, flying into panicked crowds, slamming into windshields and causing drivers to lose control of their cars. And an electrical superstore. Give the scientific explanation how the terra shuttle was found under the ocean at the end of the film.Keyes and Child's realize they can use the unobtainable shell to convert the heat and pressure from the waveforms to power the Virgil, and they are able to escape the core. They break through the crust underwater, leaving them on the ocean floor without power and communications. They believe themselves lost but use the remaining power o activate a weak sonar beacon. The beacon attracts a nearby whale pod, and Finch is able to trace their whale songs to locate the Virgil.